What Is Cardiac Bypass Surgery?
Cardiac bypass surgery is a procedure that restores the flow of the blood to the heart, when there obstruction occurs due to blockages in one or more arteries. These arteries are bypassed by using blood vessels taken from the other parts of the body like chest and legs. The blood vessels bypasses over the blocked artery to create new pathways for oxygen-rich blood to flow to the heart. These blood vessels restore and improve the blood flow to the heart. This surgery is usually performed with the heart stopped, necessitating the usage of cardiopulmonary bypass; techniques are available to perform bypass surgery on a beating heart, so-called "off-pump" surgery. Depending on the number of blocked coronary arteries, a patient may need one, two, three or more bypasses.
Conditions for Cardiac Bypass Surgery:
Cardiac Bypass Surgery is required in following conditions-
- Patient has a blockage in one or more of his/her coronary arteries. Coronary arteries are the small blood vessels that supply your heart with oxygen and nutrients that are carried in your blood.
- If a patient has one or more artery severely narrowed and obstructing the blood flow and a weak pumping heart.
- Patient has an artery blockage for which angioplasty isn't appropriate and had a previous angioplasty or stent placement that hasn't been successful, or had stent placement but the artery has narrowed again.
- Cardiac bypass surgery is also done in emergencies conditions like heart attack when other treatments are not responding.
The goals of cardiac bypass surgery is to relieve symptoms of coronary artery disease such as chest pain (angina) and /or shortness of breath (including angina), which enables the patient to resume a normal lifestyle and to lower the risk of a heart attack or other heart problems.
Risk Factors Related to Cardiac Bypass Surgery:
There are risks and complications associated with the procedure which should be considered before going for Cardiac bypass surgery and those include:-
- Chest wound infection
- Low-grade fever and chest pain
- Loss of mental clarity, or "fuzzy thinking"
- Heart rhythm problems
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